Two of them are as follows: The crossing of genetically dissimilar plants is referred to as hybridization. Some places get plenty of rainfall, while some others may not get rainfall at all. Due to this there is wide variation in farming practices in India. Your email address will not be published. The variety improvement is done for the following reasons. Enrolled Students 115. We can raise different strains of food crops with desirable traits naturally as well as scientifically. A new variety of crop should be able to flourish under any condition in order to gain wide acceptance among farmers. The quality of the crop depends on the type of crop. 2. 3. To develop high yielding variety. This method is more scientific and results in genetically modified food crops. Type of soil is also different in different area, and so are climatic conditions. Production practices show a wide variation among farmers in India. Introducing the gene from BT equips cotton with an ability to ward off attacks from different types of insect pests. By this technique, what we mean is the combination of desirable characteristics from many crops into a single hybrid crop. Thus, they can be used in seasons when food i… Cropping pattern. The factors for which a variety of improvement is done are: (i) Higher yield: To increase the productivity of the crop per acre. class 9 cbse board Ask for details ; Follow Report by Nisha3123 13.12.2019 Log in to add a comment Food crops are crops that contribute to the world’s major food supply. The Crop varietal improvement: a) ... between different varieties. (ii) Improved quality: The quality of crop products vary from crop to crop. Higher yield: Crop variety improvement’s main goal is to increase the productivity of the crop. The topics that are covered under this chapter include: Improvement in crop yields (1 question) Crop variety improvement (2 questions) Crop production management (3 questions) Crop protection management (3 questions) What are the various ways to improve the variety of crops? NCERT Class 9 Science Chapter 15 is covered under unit 5 Food; Food Production and one can expect questions up to 4 marks. Food Security: According to the 1996 World Food Summit, food security is said to exist when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. 3. Green manure: Some plants like guar are first grown on the cultivating fields and then mulched by ploughing them into the soil before sowing the crop seeds in order to replenish the soil with essential like nitrogen and phosphorus. Explain the ways by which crop-production can be increased. This crossing may be intervarietal (between different varieties), interspecific (between two different species of the same genus) or intergeneric (between different genera). 1. Crop variety improvement: Varietal improvement means combining desirable characteristics in one and multiplying it. NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources (Biology) solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. Need for higher crop yield 6. Enroll Now For FREE. Grains are a major source of human food. Mixed cropping: This approach of growing crops involves growing two or more crops concurrently on the same land. ... Class 10 Class 12. Some farmers have large farms while some others have very small plots. Considering the pulses and grains, they must have better baking quality. E.g., protein quality is important in pulses, oil quality in oilseeds, preserving quality in fruits and vegetables. affect the net crop production. Genes are responsible for the traits. Hybridization: The crossing between genetically dissimilar plants to produce a new variety is called hybridization. A new variety of crop should be able to give high yield under different conditions in different areas. Explain briefly. Resistance: To develop resistance to both living and non-living factors. This is done by hybridisation. For example, wheat and gram, wheat and mustard, sunflower and … This is generally done by hybridization. Crop production improvement, Crop protection improvement. Weeds also reduce crop productivity by competing with the main crop for nutrients and light.Similarly, abiotic factors such as temperature, wind, rain, drought, salinity etc. The crops can be grown even in diverse conditions. They are served as a staple food for the majority of population. Crop improvement by hybridisation: Hybridisation refers to crossing between genetically dissimilar plants. The crop is selected by breeding for various useful characteristics; like disease resistance, response to fertilizers, product quality and high yields. Quality product: To improve the quality of the food crops. Sources of carbohydrate: Wheat, maize, millets, sorghum, etc.Sources of protein: pulses, meat, fish, etc.Sources of fat: Oilseeds, milk, butter, etc.Minerals and vitamins: Vegetables, spices and fruits.Fodder crops: Berseem, oat, sudan grass, etc. Crop varieties should be resistant to these stresses, to significantly improve the crop production, g., MUW 318 is a HYV (high yielding variety) of wheat which is released for cultivation in non-tradional areas as Nilgiri and Palini hills and resistant to all the rusts. Describe the important factors for which variety improvement is done. between different species. What do you mean by genetically modified crops? The next step would be multiplying it. grain, vegetables and fodder. Hence, there is a need for various methods to improve farm yield so that food for the huge population can be made available. Jun 14,2020 - can anyone tell me plzz tha what is crop variety improvement? Watch Queue Queue. Today, it is the most common method of crop improvement, and the vast majority of crop varieties have resulted from hybridization. BT cotton is a good example of genetically modified crop. Legumes and dried beans have a longer shelf-life and are cheap to buy. Crossing can be of following types: Genetic Modification: When a gene with a desirable character is introduced into a plant or animal, it is called genetic modification. As human beings are incapable of synthesizing food, we depend on plants and animals for our food. India is a big country with a billion plus population. We know resources are very limited, but the demand is very high. Desirable agronomic characteristics: To develop desired agronomic characters in crops. Crop variety improvement: It can be done either by hybridisation or by introducing a gene. Oil crops should give quality oil. Also, the uniform maturity of crops helps in easy harvesting. All NCERT textbook questions have been solved by our expert teachers. Plant Introduction: Plant introduction usually means the introduction of the plants from places … Your email address will not be published. Hybridization was first of all practically utilized in crop improvement by German botanist Joseph Koerauter in 1760. This manure is called green manure. Main topics discussed in Class 9 Science chapter- Improvement in Food Resources are: Improvement in Crop Yields; Crop variety improvement; Crop production management (v) Desired agronomic traits: Crops which contain desired agronomic traits (height, branching, leafs), sets high production. Cropping pattern. Improvement in Food Resources Class 9 Extra Questions Long Answer Questions. 2) One crop is tall growing and other is short growing. Inter specific Hybridization. CROP VARIETY IMPROVEMENT - 2. Farming practices among Indian farmers can be divided into three types, viz. The crop is selected by breeding for various useful characteristics; like disease resistance, response to fertilizers, product quality and high yields. E.g., protein quality is important in pulses, oil quality in oilseeds, preserving quality in fruits and vegetables. Thus, they can be used in seasons when food is scarce. 2. Watch Queue Queue (iv) Wider adaptability : Crops which can grow in different conditions, will help in setting high production. Thus, the basic reason for variety improvement is to meet the requirements. Biotic factors such as pests, insects and diseases reduce the crop production. Resistant variety can withstand these factors and give a high yield. Hence, we need to be very selective about seeds for its acceptance. Crop Variety Improvement. There are three ways: (i) Crop Variety Improvement: This approach aims at finding a crop variety that can give a good yield variety that can produce high yield under different conditions and can withstand different situations like weather changes, soil quality, water availability etc. crop variety improvement For this purpose, a crop variety is chosen which can give good yield. Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources Importance This chapter deals with teaching students about different types of crops and how we can improve their production. Science NCERT Grade 9, Chapter 15, Improvement in Food Resources as the name suggests, deals with concepts of various techniques of improvement carried out in different aspects of food resources. Improvement in Crop Yield. Food provides us with the nutrients and energy that we need for the proper functioning and growth of the body. CLASS – IX Chapter 15 Improvement in food resources Worksheet - 1/4 1. Crop variety improvement; Crop production management; Nutrient management; Crop variety improvement. Crop production is more like a business in many countries. affect crop production. and abiotic factors like hot, cold, drought, salinity, etc. Differentiate between Rabi and Kharif crops. Subjects 9. This helps in a higher yield in less expenditure. CBSE Class 9 Science (Biology) Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources Exercise Questions with Solutions to help you to revise complete Syllabus and Score More marks. 4) One crop needs comparatively lesser water and nutrients than the other. Hybridisation is the crossing between genetically dissimilar plants to obtain crops having useful characteristics like disease resistance,good- … They are :- i) Crop variety improvement ii) Crop production improvement iii) Crop protection management 4) Crop variety improvement :- Crop variety improvement is done by selecting good varieties of crops. What are the purposes of crop variety improvement? Food crops are crops that contribute to the world’s major food supply. Watch Queue Queue 5. These include rice, wheat, maize, barley, etc. This definition not only talks about the improved availability of food but also of access of food to the masses. Thus, cultivation has been limited to a small area. These mainly comprise leaves, stems, flowers, roots and seeds. To know more about crop variety improvement and food crops production, visit BYJU’S website. 2) Improved quality: Quality considerations of crop products varies from crop to crop e.g. In order to meet the demands with limited resources, we need to apply a greater effort. This is done by hybridisation. 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