What happens when (a) 2. Solubilities of the halides, nitrates, carbonates, sulfates, and some perchlorates of all the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in methanol at room temperature have been determined. Which electrolyte is used to obtain sodium in Castner’s process? Therefore lithium chloride dissolves in water. (a) Nitrates (b) Carbonates (c) Sulphates (a) MgCO3 (b) CaCO3 (c) SrCO3 (d) BaCO3 (ii) BaO is soluble but BaSO4is insoluble in water. Question 18. (iii) Sodium peroxide (iv) Sodium carbonate? The solubilities of the hydroxides in water follow the order: Be (OH)2 < Mg (OH)2 < Ca (OH)2 < Sr (OH)2 < Ba (OH)2. Question 1. Answer: Alkali and alkaline earth metals are themselves better recucing agents, and reducing agents better than alkali metals are not available. Question 8. Question 1. (iii) Quick lime (a) Compare four properties of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. (b) Na and K impart colour to the flame but Mg does not. Question 9. 2. Question 3. Answer: (a) Alkali metals have low ionization enthalpies. What happens when (i) magnesium is burnt in air, (ii) Quick lime is heated with silica (iii) chlorine reacts with slaked lime (iv) calcium nitrate is heated? (d). Answer: Alkali metals dissolve in liquid ammonia and give deep blue solutions which are conducting in nature because ammoniated electrons absorb energy in the visible region of light and impart blue colour. (a) sodium (b) silicon (c) nitrogen (d)magnesium However, in case of corresponding magnesium and calcium compounds, the cations have smaller sizes and more magnitude of positive charge. The oxide of which of the following metals is amphoteric? Their, solubility, however, increases as we move down the group since the lattice energies decrease more rapidly than the hydration energies. Name the compounds used for the manufacture of washing soda by Solvay process. (ii) Basicity of oxides. In fact, these metals can precipitate from their salt solutions as carbonates.Nitrates: Thermal stabilityNitrates of alkali metals,except LiNO3, decompose on strong heating forming nitrites and oxygen. (iv)Sodium carbonate is obtained by Solvay ammonia process. (b) Used in the purification of sugar and in the manufacturing of cement. Answer: Limestone: Question 22. Ammonium (NH 4 +) compounds are soluble. All nitrate (NO 3 ¯), nitrite (NO 2 ¯), chlorate (ClO 3 ¯) and perchlorate (ClO 4 ¯) salts are soluble. Question 14. Nitrate and Alkali Metal rule 3. How would you prepare sodium silicate from silica? Compare the solubility and thermal stability of the following compounds of the alkali metals with those of the alkaline earth metals. (d) all of the above (d) 5. Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali metal ions usually anhydrous? The exceptions are the alkali metal hydroxides and Ba(OH) 2. Answer: BaCl2 < SrCl2 < CaCl2 2NaOH + H2 Participate in the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP. Why do alkali metals give characteristic flame colouration? Q9. (i) BeO is almost insoluble but BeSO4 is soluble in water. Carbonates of alkaline earth metals are insoluble in water. (a) Explain why is sodium less reactive than potassium. Question 20. (b) and (d) 8. CaC2 + N2 ——–> CaCN2 + C, Question 1. Discuss the various reactions that occur in the Solvay process. Down the group thermal stability of nitrates increases. As a result, the binding energy of alkali metal ions in the close-packed metal lattices are weak. Why is the solution of alkali metals in liquid ammonia conducting in nature? Nitrates of alkaline and alkali metals give corresponding nitrites except for lithium nitrate, it gives lithium oxides. (c) 10. Answer: It is called Nitrolime. Answer: (i) Ionization enthalpy. There is no such thing as NH4OH as a separate substance which can be isolated in pure form. State as to why (b) Carbonates of group 1 elements are soluble in water except Li2CO3 They are also thermally stable except Li2CO3 The rules form a list so when they seem to contradict, the higher one takes precedent. Alkali metals impart characteristic colours to the flame. Which of the following is not a peroxide? Thermal stability. How would you explain the following observations? Na+ + e– —–> Na (l) Mg2+(aq) + 2e– ———-> Mg(s) Indeed, I found one website with four terms. Solution for Which of the statement is false regarding solubility rule A. It is mild antiseptic for skin infections. (c) A brine solution is made to react with BaCO3 to produce Na2CO3 Carbonates of alkali metals are soluble in water with the exception of Li2CO 3. Answer: (a) Nitrates of both group 1 and group 2 elements are soluble in water because hydration energy is more than the lattice energy. Lithium Nitrate , JPCRD, 2010 , 39 , 033104. From Li to Cs, due to larger ion size, hydration enthalpy decreases. 3. 2Na + Hg ——->Na – Hg + 2H20 (c) Li < Cs < Rb < K < Na (d) Rb < Cs < K < Na < Li Answer: Fused NaOH. Since Ionization enthalpy of potassium is less than that of sodium, potassium is more reactive than sodium. Why are ionic hydrides of only alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are known? Most hydroxide (OH¯) salts are insoluble. (a) more reactive (b) less reducing (i) Sodium metal is dropped in water? Whereas, in magnesium and calcium due to small size their lattice energy dominates over hydration energy they are sparingly soluble in water. Silver nitrite and potassium perchlorate are considered slightly soluble. Question 3. Question 4. Order of Size of alkali metal ions in aqueous; Why alkali metals r soluble in water n thermally stable? (i) CaC03 (ii) CaSO4 2H2O What happens when sodium metal is heated in free supply of air? When heated to 800°C, NaN03 gives, (a)Na + N2 + O2 (b) NaNO2 + O2 (c) Na2O + O2 + N2 (d)NaN3 + O2, Question 4. 3. Which of the following is used in photoelectric cells? Melting point nad boiling point of particular alkali metal follow the order Fluorides > Chlorides > Bromides > Iodides. At anode: Question 31. What is soda ash? Draw the structure of (i) BeCl2 (vapour), (ii) BeCl2 (solid). 4. So, solubility should decrease from Li to Cs. They are less electropositive than alkali metals. Answer: This is due to the reason that potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) formed as an intermediate (when CO2 gas is passed through ammoniated solution of potassium chloride) is highly soluble in water and cannot be separated by filtration. Name the alkaline earth metals whose salt do not impart colour to a non-luminous flame. (iii) Since the size of Li+ ion is very small in comparison to K+ ion, it polarises the electron cloud of I– ion to a great extent. Which of the following is not a peroxide? (ii) Sodium metal is heated in free supply of air? (b) Valence electrons of alkali metals like Na and K easily absorb energy from the Each rule has exceptions and the important ones are noted. Nitrates of both group 1 and group 2 elements are thermally unstable but they decompose differently except LiCO3 e.g. Down the group thermal stability of nitrates increases. Answer: (a) Smaller the size of the ion, more highly it is hydrated and hence greater is the mass of the hydrated ion and thus the ionic mobility become lesser. Alkali metal and nitrate salts are never soluble. Question 9. Alkali metals exhibit +1 oxidation states in their compounds. Answer: The low solubility of LiF in water is due to its very high lattice enthalpy (F– ion is very small in size). 4. Question 17. As a rule of thumb, if it fits any of the following criteria, it is soluble: * Acronym: NAACP #1 are all soluble no matter what. Answer: (a) Due to its lowest ionization energy, Cs is considered as the most electropositive element. What is the effect of heat on the following compounds (Give equations for the reactions)? Question 20. Amongst fluorides of alkali metals, the lowest solubility of LiF in water is due to (a) ionic nature of lithium fluoride. Nitrates , carbonates and sulphates of Alkali metals are soluble in water . Why? Answer: Question 8. 1. Why? (a) Na (b) K (c) Rb (d) Cs Volume 89: Jitka Eysseltová and Violetta Timofeevna Orlova Alkali Metal Nitrates (two parts) IUPAC Project Part 1. This means that their lattice enthalpies are more as compared to the compounds of sodium and potassium. Po 4 being the most important slightly soluble if it ’ s a nitrate! Water except Li2SO4 size their lattice enthalpies decrease more rapidly than the KI insoluble, with Li 3 4. 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